<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes"> <td width="100%" valign="top" style="width:100.0%;padding:0in 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Preface <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Index of Applications <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">I: EXPLORING AND UNDERSTANDING DATA</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">1. Stats Starts Here </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">1.1 What Is Statistics? 1.2 Data 1.3 Variables 1.4 Models <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">2. Displaying and Describing Data</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">2.1 Summarizing and Displaying a Categorical Variable 2.2 Displaying a Quantitative Variable 2.3 Shape 2.4 Center 2.5 Spread <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">3. Relationships Between Categorical Variables–Contingency Tables</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">3.1 Contingency Tables 3.2 Conditional Distributions 3.3 Displaying Contingency Tables 3.4 Three Categorical Variables <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">4. Understanding and Comparing Distributions</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">4.1 Displays for Comparing Groups 4.2 Outliers 4.3 Re-Expressing Data: A First Look <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">5. The Standard Deviation as a Ruler and the Normal Model</span><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">5.1 Using the Standard Deviation to Standardize Values 5.2 Shifting and Scaling 5.3 Normal Models 5.4 Working with Normal Percentiles 5.5 Normal Probability Plots <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part I: Exploring and Understanding Data</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">II. EXPLORING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VARIABLES</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">6. Scatterplots, Association, and Correlation</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">6.1 Scatterplots 6.2 Correlation 6.3 Warning: Correlation ≠ Causation *6.4 Straightening Scatterplots <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">7. Linear Regression</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">7.1 Least Squares: The Line of “Best Fit” 7.2 The Linear Model 7.3 Finding the Least Squares Line 7.4 Regression to the Mean 7.5 Examining the Residuals 7.6 R<sup>2</sup>–The Variation Accounted for by the Model 7.7 Regression Assumptions and Conditions <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">8. Regression Wisdom</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">8.1 Examining Residuals 8.2 Extrapolation: Reaching Beyond the Data 8.3 Outliers, Leverage, and Influence 8.4 Lurking Variables and Causation 8.5 Working with Summary Values *8.6 Straightening Scatterplots–The Three Goals *8.7 Finding a Good Re-Expression <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">9. Multiple Regression</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">9.1 What Is Multiple Regression? 9.2 Interpreting Multiple Regression Coefficients 9.3 The Multiple Regression Model–Assumptions and Conditions 9.4 Partial Regression Plots *9.5 Indicator Variables <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part II: Exploring Relationships Between Variables </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">III. GATHERING DATA</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">10. Sample Surveys</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">10.1 The Three Big Ideas of Sampling 10.2 Populations and Parameters 10.3 Simple Random Samples 10.4 Other Sampling Designs 10.5 From the Population to the Sample: You Can't Always Get What You Want 10.6 The Valid Survey 10.7 Common Sampling Mistakes, or How to Sample Badly <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">11. Experiments and Observational Studies</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family: "Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">11.1 Observational Studies 11.2 Randomized, Comparative Experiments 11.3 The Four Principles of Experimental Design 11.4 Control Groups 11.5 Blocking 11.6 Confounding <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part III: Gathering Data</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">IV. RANDOMNESS AND PROBABILITY </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">12. From Randomness to Probability</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">12.1 Random Phenomena 12.2 Modeling Probability 12.3 Formal Probability <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">13.Probability Rules!</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">13.1 The General Addition Rule 13.2 Conditional Probability and the General Multiplication Rule 13.3 Independence 13.4 Picturing Probability: Tables, Venn Diagrams, and Trees 13.5 Reversing the Conditioning and Bayes' Rule <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">14. Random Variables</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">14.1 Center: The Expected Value 14.2 Spread: The Standard Deviation 14.3 Shifting and Combining Random Variables 14.4 Continuous Random Variables <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">15. Probability Models</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">15.1 Bernoulli Trials 15.2 The Geometric Model 15.3 The Binomial Model 15.4 Approximating the Binomial with a Normal Model 15.5 The Continuity Correction 15.6 The Poisson Model 15.7 Other Continuous Random Variables: The Uniform and the Exponential <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part IV: Randomness and Probability</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family: "Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">V. INFERENCE FOR ONE PARAMETER </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">16. Sampling Distribution Models and Confidence Intervals for Proportions</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">16.1 The Sampling Distribution Model for a Proportion 16.2 When Does the Normal Model Work? Assumptions and Conditions 16.3 A Confidence Interval for a Proportion 16.4 Interpreting Confidence Intervals: What Does 95% Confidence Really Mean? 16.5 Margin of Error: Certainty vs. Precision *16.6 Choosing the Sample Size <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">17. Confidence Intervals for Means</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">17.1 The Central Limit Theorem 17.2 A Confidence Interval for the Mean 17.3 Interpreting Confidence Intervals *17.4 Picking Our Interval up by Our Bootstraps 17.5 Thoughts About Confidence Intervals <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">18. Testing Hypotheses</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">18.1 Hypotheses 18.2 P-Values 18.3 The Reasoning of Hypothesis Testing 18.4 A Hypothesis Test for the Mean 18.5 Intervals and Tests 18.6 P-Values and Decisions: What to Tell About a Hypothesis Test <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">19. More About Tests and Intervals</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">19.1 Interpreting P-Values 19.2 Alpha Levels and Critical Values 19.3 Practical vs. Statistical Significance 19.4 Errors <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part V: Inference for One Parameter</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">VI. INFERENCE FOR RELATIONSHIPS</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">20. Comparing Groups</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">20.1 A Confidence Interval for the Difference Between Two Proportions 20.2 Assumptions and Conditions for Comparing Proportions 20.3 The Two-Sample z-Test: Testing for the Difference Between Proportions 20.4 A Confidence Interval for the Difference Between Two Means 20.5 The Two-Sample t-Test: Testing for the Difference Between Two Means *20.6 Randomization Tests and Confidence Intervals for Two Means *20.7 Pooling *20.8 The Standard Deviation of a Difference <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">21. Paired Samples and Blocks</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">21.1 Paired Data 21.2 The Paired t-Test 21.3 Confidence Intervals for Matched Pairs 21.4 Blocking <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">22. Comparing Counts</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">22.1 Goodness-of-Fit Tests 22.2 Chi-Square Test of Homogeneity 22.3 Examining the Residuals 22.4 Chi-Square Test of Independence <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">23. Inferences for Regression</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">23.1 The Regression Model 23.2 Assumptions and Conditions 23.3 Regression Inference and Intuition 23.4 The Regression Table 23.5 Multiple Regression Inference 23.6 Confidence and Prediction Intervals *23.7 Logistic Regression *23.8 More About Regression <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part VI: Inference for Relationships</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">VII. INFERENCE WHEN VARIABLES ARE RELATED</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family: "Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">24. Multiple Regression Wisdom</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">24.1 Multiple Regression Inference 24.2 Comparing Multiple Regression Model 24.3 Indicators 24.4 Diagnosing Regression Models: Looking at the Cases 24.5 Building Multiple Regression Models <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">25. Analysis of Variance</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">25.1 Testing Whether the Means of Several Groups Are Equal 25.2 The ANOVA Table 25.3 Assumptions and Conditions 25.4 Comparing Means 25.5 ANOVA on Observational Data <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">26. Multifactor Analysis of Variance</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">26.1 A Two Factor ANOVA Model 26.2 Assumptions and Conditions 26.3 Interactions <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">27. Statistics and Data Science</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">27.1 Introduction to Data Mining <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Review of Part VII: Inference When Variables Are Related</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Parts I—V Cumulative Review Exercises</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt; font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Appendixes:</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">A. Answers <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">B. Credits <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">C. Indexes <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">D. Tables and Selected Formulas <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>